The American Staffordshire Terrier, often simply called Amstaff, is a breed that divides opinions like no other. In some countries, it is considered a dangerous fighting dog, while in others, it is cherished as a loving “nanny dog”.
Many people react with scepticism or even aversion when they encounter an American Staffordshire Terrier: “Isn’t that a fighting dog? Keep it away from me!” Such reactions are among the milder ones.
The negative image of the so-called fighting dog has been reinforced by the fact that the Amstaff was popular with a certain clientele for a long time. For them, an aggressive four-legged companion was a status symbol to parade around on a spiked lead.
Is an American Stafford a Family Dog?
The notion that a dog’s danger largely depends on the other end of the lead. However, the Amstaff is also known as a “nanny dog” due to its character traits, making it an ideal family dog.
Restrictions Mainly in Continental Europe
The breed’s negatively charged past leads to some peculiarities in Europe regarding ownership and importation: In many countries, the American Staffordshire is classified as a fighting dog. Its ownership is either banned or subject to special conditions.
For example, there is an import ban on the breed in countries like France and Denmark. In Spain, there are special local restrictions to consider – such as a muzzle obligation.
Is the American Staffordshire Terrier a Listed Dog?
Regulations and bans have resulted in Amstaffs becoming rare in certain countries. This is particularly the case for France, Sweden, and the Netherlands.
In Germany, owning the breed is subject to specific regulations in many federal states and often involves higher costs. In some places, owning a listed dog like the Amstaff is even outright banned.
Appearance: Compact Build
A powerful head on a muscular, compact body – the American Staffordshire Terrier is an impressive sight. It stands 43 to 48 cm at the shoulder and can weigh up to 32 kg.
The dark eyes sit on a broad head, and the ears are usually semi-erect – floppy ears are undesirable. Fortunately, the once-popular ear cropping practice is now banned in many European countries.
Amstaffs come in many colours. Here is an American Staffordshire Terrier in grey.
Fur and Colours of the Amstaff
The breed’s short, shiny fur comes in almost every colour nuance. However, undesirable traits include a lack of nose pigmentation, the “black and tan” colour (found in Dobermans), and a high proportion of white, which is associated with a genetic predisposition to deafness.
Temperament & Character: How Dangerous Are American Staffordshire Terriers?
What is the typical American Staffordshire Terrier like? Despite their past as fighting dogs, many representatives of the breed make excellent family dogs. They often show great affection towards their “family”, particularly children.
However, interactions with other dogs, especially insecure ones, can lead to conflicts. Due to their past, Amstaffs often present as dominant. They were once used for cruel fights, after all.
Training and Engagement Are Essential
Otherwise, they are dynamic, lively dogs with a strong need for activity. They are also noticeably attentive and playful, enjoying these traits to the fullest. A well-trained Amstaff that experiences appropriate activities is a well-behaved family dog that barks little.
Studies and bite statistics indicate that a dog’s danger cannot be determined by its breed alone. Animal rights activists frequently criticise the stigmatisation of so-called fighting dogs like the American Staffordshire Terrier.
Owners should never show fear towards their dogs or allow dominant behaviours, especially during adolescence. The dog needs to learn that the human leads the way. Consistent puppy training and confident leadership are crucial.
The breed’s “will-to-please” is an advantage in training, as the Amstaff wants to please its owner.
The breed is also known for its expressiveness: The clever Amstaffs often use their proverbial puppy eyes to get what they want. Owners need to remain steadfast.
Activities for Powerhouses
American Staffordshire Terriers need plenty of activities. Almost all types of dog sports, from agility to flyball or obedience, to training as a therapy dog, are suitable. However, protection work is discouraged as it might unfavourably reinforce the breed’s innate sharpness.
Representatives of the breed enjoy long outings. Adult dogs also like to run alongside a bicycle. Ball games and retrieving further help tire out these powerhouses.
A well-exercised Amstaff also enjoys its well-deserved “evening off”. It loves cuddling with its favourite person or relaxing in a cosy basket.
The intelligent American Staffordshire Terriers need loving but firm training from an early age.
Ownership: Only for Experienced Dog Owners
An American Staffordshire Terrier is not a dog for beginners. Typical beginner mistakes are quickly exploited by these clever animals. Resulting dominance issues can have hard-to-correct and potentially dangerous consequences.
However, those who are consistent and provide a secure hand in leadership will find an unwavering friend for life in the Amstaff.
Not Apartment Dogs
Owners need to provide the right environment for a dog of this active breed. Due to its size and power – the Amstaff loves playful romping – and its need for activity, it is not suited for life in a city apartment.
Active Owners for an Agile Dog
The curious four-legged friend also enjoys having its own garden – but beware, its exploratory tendencies might get the better of it. A garden enclosed by 1.60m high fences is ideal to prevent escapes. The dog often proves to have unexpected jumping talents.
An American Staffordshire Terrier prefers to live with active people who enjoy being outdoors, appreciate long walks, and enjoy cycling tours with their (grown) dog.
Inform About Ownership Regulations
Before bringing home an American Staffordshire Terrier, make sure to inform yourself about any regulations regarding the ownership of fighting or dangerous dogs in your region and country. You might find that you cannot keep an Amstaff at all. Also, check for local regulations (muzzle obligation, proof of competence, police clearance certificate).
Considerations Before Bringing Home an American Staffordshire Terrier
Before deciding on a new four-legged family member, there are several things to consider.
Be mindful that by welcoming a dog of this breed, you might encounter polarising reactions or rejection from your social circle. However, it can also be a rewarding experience to steadily dispel prejudices against the breed.
Additionally, ensure there are no allergies to dog hair among the human family members.
Organise a Dog Sitter and Dog School
Consider how your dog will be cared for during holidays or if you become ill. Although many hotels across Europe now accommodate dogs, there can be restrictions for American Staffordshire Terriers regarding entry regulations and overnight stays.
When purchasing a puppy, it is best to find a suitable dog school that offers puppy play sessions before the puppy arrives. These sessions are beneficial for the social behaviour of American Staffordshire Terriers.
Health and Care of the Amstaff
Amstaffs are generally very robust and enjoy good health. However, there can occasionally be skin problems in the form of allergies, which can often be managed well with dietary adjustments.
How Long Does an American Staffordshire Terrier Live?
With proper care, the life expectancy of an American Staffordshire Terrier is 12 to 15 years.
How Demanding is Coat Care?
Grooming an American Staffordshire Terrier is quick and easy. Brushing the fur once a week is usually sufficient. Additional sessions with a rubber curry comb or a soft fur brush will undoubtedly be appreciated by your four-legged friend.
Another perk of coat care: the dog hair ends up on the brush and not in the home.
Nutrition: Protein-Rich Food for the Powerhouse
A proper diet is essential for a long and happy dog life. The diet should always be tailored to the individual’s needs.
Factors such as health status, age, and activity level play a crucial role and should be considered when choosing food.
Dogs, as descendants of wolves, love meat but are now considered omnivores – eating a variety of foods. The most important thing is to provide a very protein-rich diet for your Amstaff.
BARF in Consultation with the Vet
In addition to feeding with dry and wet food, BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food) is another option. This involves feeding fresh meat, offal, vegetables, and vitamin and mineral supplements similar to the dog’s original diet.
BARF requires substantial expertise. Therefore, when in doubt, this feeding method should always be discussed with a vet to avoid dangerous deficiencies.
Always remember to provide plenty of fresh water for your dog.
History: From Fighting Dog to Family Dog
The American Staffordshire Terrier was originally bred primarily for dog fighting. Its ancestors likely arrived in the USA around 1860 with British immigrants from Britain. In the second half of the 19th century, commercial dog fights were widely held in the USA, involving this muscular breed. The breeding goals were thus brave, sharp, and enduring fighting dogs.
Today, Amstaffs are mainly kept as family and guard dogs. Especially in the UK, American Staffordshire Terriers are regarded as “nanny dogs”. They are highly valued family dogs. Their poise and endurance also make Amstaffs excellent rescue dogs.
The Amstaff as a Descendant of British Fighting Dogs
The breed traces back to the Bull-and-Terrier types popular in Britain in the 19th century, mainly bred for dog fights. The breed name “American Staffordshire Terrier” also reflects its origins in the British county of Staffordshire.
After the ban on dog fighting in Britain in 1835, some descendants were taken to the USA by English settlers, where they were used in fights. The dogs, also used as farm guards, were bred to be larger over time to increase their chances against coyotes and wolves.
The Path to Official Recognition
By the end of the 19th century, more and more lovers of the American Staffordshire Terrier emerged. They no longer wanted to exhibit their dogs in fights but on dog shows. To distinguish from the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier, the breed was renamed to American Staffordshire Terrier.
In 1972, the breed gained recognition from the FCI, ending the confusion over names such as “Pit Bull Terrier”, “American Bull Terrier”, or “Stafford Terrier”.
Buying: How to Find Your American Staffordshire Terrier
For an American Staffordshire Terrier, it is highly recommended to seek a reputable breeder who should be a member of a dog club or association. These breeders focus on essential temperament traits that make the dogs beloved family pets.
Visit the Breeder
Before purchasing, visit a breeder to observe the conditions and meet the parents and littermates.
Good breeders are often curious about potential buyers, asking questions about living conditions and hobbies. This is a good sign, as it shows they care about the future of their dogs! Health questions should also be discussed with the breeder.
Alternative: American Staffordshire Terrier from a Shelter
If you’re not looking for a puppy, many animal welfare organisations or local shelters also have American Staffordshire Terriers. Some even specialise in rehoming fighting dogs. Their staff can advise on the best fit for your family.
An older dog from animal rescue can also be a great addition. However, you should be well-informed about its character and, if possible, its background. An American Staffordshire Terrier without proper training should only be in the hands of very experienced owners.
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